Animal Experimentation Is Unnecessary and Cruel Essay

Every year, millions of animals suffer through painful and unnecessary tests. Animals in laboratories all over the world live lives of deprivation, pain, isolation, and torture. Even though vast studies show that animal experimentation often lacks validity, leading to harmful human reactions, we still continue to use this method of experimentation, while many other less-expensive and more beneficial alternatives exist. Going beyond the issue of animal experimentation being morally wrong, this form of research is also hindering medical progress. Although the use of animals in laboratories is said to be necessary for the welfare and health of humans, people mistakenly believe that this immoral and unscientific method of experimentation is†¦show more content†¦Because of differences in animal and human anatomies, they respond to drugs in different ways, proving test results done on animals to be inaccurate when applied to humans. For this reason, animal experimentation has done little to produce any definitive advances in medical research and has actually hindered medical progress. In addition to the fact that animal experimentation is ineffective, unreliable, and costly, testing on animals also violates animal rights. Do we think that just because we are superior to animals that we have the right to subject these innocent creatures to cruel and painful experiments? The superiority humans feel over animals may be the reason why humans feel less troubled by inflicting pain on animals. Or perhaps humans justify this cruel act by saying that animals would not be used in experiments if their use was not absolutely necessary. The pain and misery these animals are put through is absolutely unjustified, especially since the experiments they are subject to are proven to be unnecessary and even pointless. As Ingrid Newkirk states, animals in the laboratories are under constant stress from fear, the loss of control over their lives, and the denial of all Girsch 3 that is natural and meaningful to them, such as enjoying the company of others of their own kind(Newkirk 2). Thousands of animals are put through the suffering and torture of ridiculous experimentsShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing Is Cruel And Unusual Punishment And Should Discontinue1308 Words   |  6 Pages Animal Testing Animal testing has been going on for years; however, few question the ethics of testing medicines that would cure human diseases on animals. Various animals being tested in labs and cruelly force them to be a host of harmful diseases negatively affect their health. Animal testing is cruel and unusual punishment and should discontinue. Animal experimentation is a subject that many know of but don’t know much about. Although it is a big topic, people still don’t pay much attentionRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesAnimals suffer just as people do. In 2009 animal experimentation was the cause of over 1.13 million animals, excluding small rodents, suffering in U.S. Laboratories (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service). Animal experimentation is unethical, unnecessary and expensive; alternative methods of testing should be utilized. It is unethical to use the cruel methods of animal experimentation for our own benefit alone. The animals used in research range from birdsRead MoreAnimal Experimentation, Ethics, And Ethics1703 Words   |  7 Pages Animal experimentation and Ethics -Tseten dolkar The practice of experimentation on live animals as known as vivisection is prevalent since the old roman days. In the name of Science, Animals are being mistreated, exploited and murdered worldwide. Animal are usedRead MoreMedical Testing on Animals is Considered Animal Cruelty Essay1020 Words   |  5 PagesResearch on living animals has been practiced since at least 500 BC. Over 25 million animals are tested in labs every year. They are used for medical and scientific research. The animals used in research often undergo cruel experimentations and suffer through the pain. During medical testing, less than 2% of human illnesses are seen in animals, therefor medical testing on animals is cruel and pointless. Medical testing on animals should be illegal because products that pass animal tests end up harmingRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1136 Words   |  5 PagesAnimal experimentation is not the most accurate testing, just because some medicine and cosmetic product pass an animal test it doesn’t mean it has a beneficial effect on humans. Animal tests have evolved in many ways throughout history in negative and positive ways. A strong negative being that we are different from animals but not just animals we are also different from each other. There are many arguments that we humans wouldn’t be where we are today if it wasn’t for reliance on animal testingRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Should Be Banned1426 Words   |  6 Pagesjudged by the way its animals are treated.† - Mahatma Gandhi. These famous words still ring true in today’s society as we struggle to overcome the scientific experimentation on animals. Animals have acted as the archstone of human civilization since the dawn of man, from a source of food, to companionship. However, in the past century, we have been blurring the line between environmental entitlement and environmental rape. Every member of the human race interacts and depends on animals, and w e owe themRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong1495 Words   |  6 PagesHarmful Testing on Animals is Wrong In American society, many groups and organizations are debating whether or not animal testing should be banned. Some people believe that there are reasons why animal testing should be done. Others believe that animal testing is morally wrong. Some experts believe that there are other options available. I believe that animal testing is wrong based on three observations: animal testing is unethical, pointless, and abusive. Numerous years ago, animal testing was startedRead MoreThe Use Of Research On Cosmetics And Its Effects On Society1604 Words   |  7 PagesBlinded by Beauty On average, 26 million animals are used every year for the use of research on cosmetics. These tests should be banned for many obvious reasons such as it is clearly cruel and inhumane, they cost more than alternative methods, and they do not predict an accurate result due to the anatomical differences. Animals are being unfairly tortured and killed for research on ingredients that people are unknowingly using in their everyday lives. Here’s an important question to consider;Read MoreAnimal Welfare Campaign Should Be Banned1185 Words   |  5 PagesEvery year, over billions of innocent animals, are dying, poisoned, and killed as a result of million experiments that are tested on them. These new experiments are not hundred percent guaranteed. However, these experiences may work with animals and give positive results, but when it tests back on the human, it gives the opposite results. The animal welfare campaign finds that testing new products on animals is an inhuman and a cruel thing and it should be stopped. So, they start making attacks aroundRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Outlawed?903 Words   |  4 PagesBethanie Rushing 8th Grade English Mrs. King April 26, 2016 Should Animal Testing Be Outlawed? Everyone has probably worn or has owned something animal tested, whether they’ve known it or not. Animal testing has been around since the early ADs but was most commonly known for starting about 150 years ago with the rise of physiology as a science. As â€Å"Companies That Still Use Animal Testing† says, these testings have gone down a lot with new developments for these kind of testing but there are still

Essay on Animal Research and Testing, Is it Ethical

vivisection Animal Research and Testing, Is it Ethical? â€Å"It is a simple fact that many, if not most, of today’s modern medical miracles would not exist if experimental animals had not been available to medical scientists. It is equally a fact that, should we as a society decide the use of animal subjects is ethically unacceptable and therefore must be stopped, medical progress will slow to a snail’s pace. Such retardation will in itself have a huge ethical ‘price tag’ in terms of continued human and animal suffering from problems such as diabetes, cancer, degenerative cardiovascular diseases, and so forth.† Dr. Simmonds, a veterinarian who specializes in the care of laboratory animals, is one of many who believe that animal†¦show more content†¦Educational experiments help train students in school. Majors like medicine, physiology, and general science all use dead animals in experiments. Drug and product testing use animals to determine the safety of new drugs and how toxic they really are. Without the presence of animals in research, what else would scientists use, a human being? â€Å"Animals are important in research precisely because they have complex body systems that react and interact with stimuli much as humans do† (AMA 61). This quote directly correlates with some of the common household pets, which are considered important resources for biomedical and behavioral research. One clear example of an invaluable household pet used in biomedical research are dogs. Dogs are used for many types of research mainly because they have the same relative size of organs when compared to humans. â€Å"The first successful kidney transplant was performed in a dog and techniques used to save the lives of ‘blue babies,’ and babies with structural defects in their hearts, were developed with dogs. Open heart surgical techniques, coronary bypass surgery and heart transplantation were all developed using dogs† (AMA 61). Other animals that are typically used in experiments are rats and mice. Doctors find these species very accommodating when they study different genetic experiments. The mice reproduce very quickly; thus the doctors can view the experiment of genes over severalShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Dilemma Of Animal Testing And Research1775 Words   |  8 Pages The Ethical Dilemma of Animal Testing and Research Israel Parra Perez English 101 – Section 10451 Professor Leonard Macias 7 May 2017 â€Æ' Outline Thesis: Animal testing and research should cease because animals are subjected to cruel inhumane procedures by researchers, viable alternatives exist for animals testing, and results obtained through animal testing are mostly flawed and unreliable. I. Introduction and Thesis II. Animal Testing and Research Practices Leaves Animals Vulnerable toRead MoreEthical Issue Of Animal Testing For Medical Research961 Words   |  4 Pageshe ethical issue of animal testing for medical testing is not new, for example the majority of the common vaccines were developed because medical research that utilized animal testing. Many philosophers have attempted to explain the rights of animals and some wrote on the lack of inherent rights. This issue is difficult because animals can’t speak for themselves but humans do have a place to play in the fight for animal rights. I will apply the principle of utility along with the moral theories ofRead MoreEthical And Scientific Considerations Regarding Animal Testing And Research759 Words   |  4 Pagesis Ethical and Scientific Considerations Regarding Animal Testing and Research. The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, which emphasized reduction, refinement, and replacement of animal use, principles, many scie ntists referred to the three R’s. These principles encouraged researchers to work to cut down the figure of animals utilized in experiments to the minimum considered necessary, refine or limit the pain and distress to which animals are exposed, and replace the use of animals withRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Ethical?1328 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal testing has been an important type of research in various science fields for many years, because it has been able to replicate the results of the research to positively affect humans. It has provided many cures to diseases and many basic products that are mass produced such as lotion, shampoo, sunscreen, etc. Adding on, animal testing is ethical since it follows many guidelines and restrictions made by numerous laws that protect animals from inhumane treatment. Although such testing can provideRead MoreEssay about We Need More Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation1416 Words   |  6 PagesWe Need More Animal Research , Testing, and Experimentation    A life can be taken or created in a matter of seconds and with that has come the miracles of modern medicine. People have come to expect science to save lives, prevent illness, relieve suffering and improve the quality of life. The means of curing, treating and preventing diseases are not achieved by magic or accident. Medical advances are gained through years of intensive research -- research in which laboratory animals have playedRead MoreEthics of Animal Testing754 Words   |  3 PagesEthics of Animal Testing For my paper I chose the topic of animal testing because I have always been very passionate for animals and against animal abuse. I have never believed in animal testing and that there were always other alternatives. I wanted to look further into and educate myself about what is being done about this and why it is an ethical issue. I have come up with an axiom to summarize this topic. Testing animals in research revolves around the relative or moral value of humans and animalsRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing1725 Words   |  7 PagesEach year, more than 100 million animals are experimented on in U.S. laboratories. These experiments are for things such as biology lessons, medical training, curiosity-driven experimentation, and chemical, drug, food, and cosmetics testing.(Procon writers) Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. Animal testing is controversial and people findRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned From Our Society874 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Rights Demand Protection My thesis is that animal testing should be banned from our society altogether. Animal rights advocates argue that testing is a subject that has been argued countless amount of times in medical journals, and it has shown that it is a waste of animal lives. Subsequently, processing of a single drug requires more than 50 trials and use of as many as 12,000 animals. Moreover, regardless of the ethical issues that derive from animal testing, the infliction of physical/psychologicalRead MoreAnimal Experimentation And Animal Testing1261 Words   |  6 Pagesagainst animal experimentation. The report begins with an introduction briefly outlining what animal experimentation refers to, introducing the three perspectives and highlighting the intention behind this investigation. The report then explores the positive and negative medical aspect of animal experimentation stating that it has resulted in vital vaccines benefitting both humans and animals, but also accepting it is not always reliable. The advantages and disadvantages of animal testing on consumerRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing Cosmetics1499 Words   |  6 Pagesalone function. A current topic in which we are at battle with today is the case of testing cosmetic products on animals. Although many cosmetic companies believe that animal testing cosmetics is morally sound, I believe that not to be true because animal testing cosmetics negatively impacts the moral integrity of individuals and society as a whole. Typically, if you ask a person if they believe in animal testing cosmetics, they will say no since the majority of society’s morals point in this direction

7 C’s of Effective Business Communication Free Essays

7 C’s Of Effective Business Communication PRINCIPLE OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION – 7C’S To compose effective written or oral messages, you must apply certain communication principles. These principles provide guideline for choice of content and style of presentation, adapted to the purpose and receiver of your message. These principles are not only limited to a sentence level, they are also applicable to all forms of communications, from mere utterances and sentences to complete documents or presentations. We will write a custom essay sample on 7 C’s of Effective Business Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now To some extent the principles overlap because they are based on a common concern for the audience, whether that audience consists of listeners or readers. These principles are called â€Å"Seven C’s†, these are completeness, conciseness, consideration, concreteness, clarity, courtesy, and correctness. The Seven C’s are as follows: 1) Completeness Message Receiver- either listener or reader, desire complete information to their question. e. g. suppose you are working with multinational company who is engaging with engineering goods, like A. C. Now let say one of your major customer wants some technical information regarding â€Å"thermostat† (because he wants to convey the same to the end users). In this case you have to provide him complete information in a short span of time. If possible, provide him some extra information which he does not know, in this way you can maintain a good business relation with him, otherwise he may switch to another company. Five W’s: One way to make your message complete is to answer the five W’s. †¢? WHO†¢? WHAT†¢? WHEN†¢? WHERE†¢? WHY The five question method is useful when you write requests, announcements, or other informative messages. For instance, to order (request) merchandise, make clear WHAT you want, WHEN u need it, WHERE it is to be sent. 2) Conciseness Conciseness means â€Å"convey the message by using fewest words†. â€Å"Conciseness is the prerequisite to effective business communication. † As you know that all businessmen have very short time. Hence a concise message saves the time and expenses for both the parties. How to achieve the conciseness? For achieving the conciseness you have to consider the following. 1. Avoid wordy expression 2. Include only relevant material 3. Avoid unnecessary repetition. Avoid Wordy Expression E. g. Wordy: – at this time. Instead of â€Å"at this time† you can just use only a concise word: – NOW, Always try to use â€Å"To the point Approach† in business scenario perspective. Include only relevant information †¢? Always try to provide only relevant information to the receiver of the message. Let’s say one of your customers requested †¢? For clients of the company o in reply you should provide simply list of clients at the panel of your company. o No need to provide detailed business information about client at all. †¢? Observe the following suggestions to â€Å"Include only relevant information. †¢? Stick to the purpose of message Delete irrelevant words Avoid long introduction, unnecessary explanation etc. Get to the important point concisely. Avoid un-necessary Repetition Sometimes repetition is necessary for focusing some special issue. But when the same thing is said without two or three reasons, the message becom e wordy and boring. That’s why try to avoid Un-necessary repetition. Some ways to eliminate unnecessary words Use shorter name after you have mentioned the long once. e. g. Spectrum communications Private limited use spectrum. Use pronouns or initials E. . Instead of world trade organization use WTO or You can use IT for Information Technology. (Keeping in views that receiver knows about these terms) 3. Consideration Consideration means – To consider the receiver’s Interest/Intention. It is very important in effective communication while writing a message you should always keep in mind your target group consideration is very important â€Å"C† among all the seven C’s. Three specific ways to indicate consideration †¢? Focus on â€Å"you† instead of â€Å"I† or â€Å"We† †¢? Show audience benefit or interest of the receiver †¢? Emphasize positive, pleasant facts. Using â€Å"you† help you, but over use lead a negative reaction. Always write a message in such a way how audience should be benefited from it. †¢? We attitude: â€Å"I am delighted to announce that we will extend to make shopping more. † †¢? You attitude: â€Å"You will be able to shop in the evening with the extended hours. † Readers may react positively when benefit are shown to them. Always try to address his/her need and want. Always show/write to reader†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ what has been done so far as his/her query is concerned. And always avoid that his/her need and wants. Always avoid that has not been done so far. 4. Concreteness It means that message should be specific instead of general. Misunderstanding of words creates problems for both parties (sender and receiver). When you talk to your client always use facts and figures instead of generic or irrelevant information. The following guidelines should help you to achieve the Concreteness. †¢? Use specific facts and figures †¢? choose image building words e. g General He is very intelligent student of class and stood first in the class. e. g. Ali’s GPA in B. Sc Electrical Engineering 2k3-f session was 3. 5/4. 0; he stood first in his class. Always write on a very solid ground. It should definitely create good image as well. 5. Clarity Accurately is purpose of clarity In effective business communication the message should be very much clear. So that reader can understand it easily. You should always choose precise words. Always choose familiar and easy words. Construct effective sen tences and paragraphs. In business communication always use precise words rather longer statements. If you have a choice between long words and shorter one, always use shorter one. You should try your level best to use familiar/easy to understand words so that your reader will quickly understand it. Familiar Next familiar words 1-after subsequent 2-home domicile 3-for example e. g. 4-pay remuneration 5-invoice statement for payments 6. Courtesy Knowing your audience allows you to use statements of courtesy; be aware of your message receiver. True courtesy involves being aware not only of the perspective of others, but also their feelings. Courtesy stems from a sincere you-attitude. It is not merely politeness with mechanical insertions of â€Å"please† and â€Å"Thank you†. Although Appling socially accepted manners is a form of courtesy. Rather, it is politeness that grows out respect and concern for others. Courteous communication generates a special tone in their writing and speaking. How to generate a Courteous Tone? The following are suggestions for generating a courteous tone: Be sincerely tactful, thoughtful and appreciative. Use expressions that show respect for the others Choose nondiscriminatory expressions be sincerely Tactful, Thoughtful and Appreciative Though few people are intentionally abrupt or blunt, these negative traits are common cause of discourtesy. Avoid expression like those in the left hand column below; rephrase them as shown in the right-hand column. Tactless, Blunt More Tactful Stupid letter; I can’t understand I should understand it, as there is no confusing word in this Letter, could you please explain it once again? It’s your fault, you did not properly Sometimes my wording is not precise; let me try again read my latest FAX. Thoughtfulness and Appreciation Writers who send cordial, courteous messages of deserved congratulations and appreciation (to a person inside outside) help to build goodwill. The alue of goodwill or public esteem for the firm may be worth thousands of dollars. 7. Correctness At the core of correctness are the proper grammar, punctuation and spelling. However, message must be perfect grammatically and mechanically. The term correctness, as applied to business messages also mean three characteristics o Use the right level of language o Check the accuracy of figures, facts and words o M aintain acceptable writing mechanics. Use the right Level of Language We suggest that there are three level of language 1. Formal 2. Informal 3. Substandard. Take a quick guess: What kind of writing is associated with each level? What is the style of each? Formal and Informal Words Formal writing is often associated with scholarly writing: doctoral dissertations, scholarly, legal documents, top-level government agreements and other material where formality is demanded. Informal writing is more characteristic of business writing. Here you use words that are short, well-known and conversational as in this comparison list: More Formal Less Formal Participate Join Endeavor try Ascertain find out Utilize Use Interrogate question. Substandard Language Avoid substandard language. Using correct words, incorrect grammar, faulty pronunciation all suggest as inability to use good English. Some examples follow: Substandard More Acceptable Ain’t isn’t, aren’t Can’t hardly can hardly Aim to proving ai m to prove Desirous to desirous of Stoled stolen. Facts and Figures Accuracy Check Accuracy of Facts, Figures and words it is impossible to convey meaning precisely, through words, from the head of the sender to a receiver. Our goal is to be as precise as possible, which means checking and double-checking and double-checking to ensure that the figures, facts and words you use are correct. A good check of your data is to have another person read and comment on the validity of the material† †¢? Figures and facts †¢? Verify your statistical data †¢? Double-check your totals †¢? Avoid guessing at laws that have an impact on you, the sender and your †¢? Have someone else read your message if the topic involves data. †¢? Determine whether a â€Å"fact† has changed over time. Proper Use of Confusing Words! Our Language (Any) is constantly changing. In fact, even dictionaries cannot keep up with rapid change in our language. The following words often confusing in usage, an is used before consonants and consonants sounds or a long† u† sound. Use an before vowels. Accept, except accept is a verb and means to receive. Except is a verb or a preposition and relates to omitting or leaving out. Anxious, eager Anxious implies worry, eager conveys keen desire. CONCLUSION These 7 C’s help a person to compose a message in such a way that brings back the positive feedback from the receivers. That’s why it is advice able for everyone to understand and apply these 7C’s whether he is a teacher, doctor, businessman or a student. How to cite 7 C’s of Effective Business Communication, Essay examples

Analysis Of Seven Dimensions Of Strategic Innovation Framework - Sampl

Question: Discuss about seven dimensions of strategic innovation framework. Answer: Introduction In order to remain competitive within an industry and targeted markets, it is essential for the organizations to innovate in its products and processes. Due to this, the firms also able to improve their marketing position in the industry. Strategic innovation is an approach that helps the firms to bring together their creative assets, capabilities and disciplines in order to develop the product and service portfolios and to drive the organizational growth in the industry (Keathley, Merrill and Owens, 2013). This paper critically discusses the seven dimensions of strategic innovation framework with the help of case example of Dyson Ltd. It is one of the innovation organizations of UK, which designs and manufactures vacuum cleaners, hand dryers, bladeless fans, and heater. The company is effectively known for its innovations in the cleaning and heaters products in the world, which enables it to achieve competitive growth in the technology industry (Dyson, 2016). A Managed Innovation Process: According to Daft and Albers (2013), the first dimension of strategic innovation framework is related to the managed innovation process, which includes the sequence of activities from the beginning of initiative through implementation. At Dyson, the adoption of this dimension helps it to make a simple brainstorming session in order to identify the pros and cons of a concept or idea of innovation. In this support, it is also analysed that at Dyson, the innovation process combines both unconventional and traditional elements, which include customers, market trends and competitive analysis. It helps the firm to make strategic thinking about the new innovation idea (Dyson, 2016). Through this, the firms enable to explore the other areas of innovation such as new ways to work with the external partners, communication with customers and enable faster time-to-market. On the other hand, it is analysed that the managed innovation process dimension plays a critical role in developing the core of strategic innovation within the firms. Similarly, it is found that at Dyson, the managed innovation process helps the firm to develop the core of strategic innovation. It provides the directions to the firm about the creation of innovation in the products and achieves competitive growth in the market (Skarzynski and Gibson, 2013). But, at the same time, this dimension forces the firm to think about all possible perspectives that consume more time and costs of the firm, which negatively affect its profitability. But, due team-based dimension, it helps the firms employees to enhance their knowledge and skills related to the specific field by attending workshop sessions (Burdon and Dovey, 2015). It helps the firm to generate a new and innovative idea for product innovation. Strategic Alignment In the strategic innovation framework, the strategic alignment dimension helps the firms to build support for the new innovation idea. It is analysed that the strategic alignment dimension enables Dyson to engage senior management team, make a broad cross-section of the organisation and engage key external stakeholders in the development of shared vision for the new innovation idea. Through this, the firm also enables to create ownership, commitment and takes investment decisions to build a strong foundation for the successful implementation of newly created innovation idea (George, McGahan and Prabhu, 2012). But, in contrast to this, it is analysed that for this dimension, the firm needs to select a cross-functional team of visionary, energetic change agents, future leaders and inspired individual in the management team in order to successfully implement the change idea. In this, sometimes, firm faces issues in selecting the right candidates for the leadership team (Frankenberger, et al., 2013). In concern to Dyson, in order to drive the growth, the firm effectively uses the strategic alignment dimension by improving the resources allotment practices and assigning the roles and responsibilities in new ways in order to influence different departments to work together on the single innovation idea (Dyson, 2016). But, in order to build support for the new innovative idea, it is essential for the firm to engage all the stakeholders in appropriate ways with suitable frequency. In this, the brainstorming session does not help the firm to access the creativity of stakeholders towards the new innovative idea. Industry Foresight According to Andersen and Andersen (2014), industry foresight dimension of strategic innovation framework mainly concerns over the changes and improves the detailed understanding to the people within the firm about the trends that are new to the business. It is found that through industry foresight, Dyson effectively analyses the grounds of its innovation and the success rate of innovation in the market, which enables the firm to improve its innovation process and achieve success in the market. In support of this, Keller, Markmann and Heiko (2015) depict that the industry foresight dimension believes that different industries have different drivers, trends, enablers and dislocations, which help the firms to operate their business activities significantly. From this, it is analysed that industries have their own boundaries and limitations and the consideration of these limitations help them to introduce new perspectives, challenge established thinking, potential growth opportunities, new businesses, and innovative business models in order to drive growth. On the other hand, Van der Duin, Heger and Schlesinger (2014) exhibit that through industry foresight, a firm is also enabled to develop its proprietary view of the future that support it to develop its leadership and visionary participation strategies in the market. In a similar way, it is analysed that this dimension helps Dyson to consider the industry trends and develop the effective innovation that is beneficial in achieving customer recognition and competitive advantages in the market. Consumer/Customer Insights The consideration and adoption of customer insight dimension provide the detailed understanding about the needs of customers within the industry. It enables the firms to produce new and innovative products according to the needs of customers. It also helps the firms to enhance the popularity of new innovative product and services among the customers that significantly drive their growth in the market (Yen, et al., 2012). In the views of Greer and Lei (2012), customer insight is one of the effective dimensions of strategic innovation framework because it provides the understanding about the behaviour, attitude, perception and needs of customers. Through this, a firm can make better product development process that ensures their product success in the market. In support of this, Brunswicker and Vanhaverbeke (2015) define that customer responses, in new product development, help the firms to improve the product concept as well as strengthen the packaging and adverting strategies. Through this, firms enable to communicate the new product categories that drive their growth in the market. It is also evaluated that the adoption of customer insight approach, Dyson enables to effectively involve customers as a true partner in the innovation process, which supports it to enhance the effectiveness of innovation process and get an innovative product that satisfies the needs of customers significantly (Dyson, 2016). But, at the same time, Bucolo, Wrigley and Matthews (2012) state that in the strategic innovation process, the insights of customers is not only the ways to improve the product or service innovation, but also the consideration of other stakeholders such as suppliers, employees, investors, partners and early adopter non-users also play im portant role in product development and innovation within the firm. Core Technology and Competencies The next dimension of strategic innovation framework is related to the core technology and competencies, which is effectively used by Dyson to leverage its assets. It is analysed that the understanding of core technology and capabilities help the management team to implement the innovation process effectively. It is because, through this, management team enable to identify the capabilities, competencies, and resources, which support the management and leadership to effectively implement the innovation process to produce new and innovative products for the customers (Bergek, etal., 2013). In support of this, Kindstrom and Kowalkowski (2014) exhibit that the understanding of the companys core technology and competencies provide the detailed knowledge about the strengths and weaknesses, which significantly support the firm to increase its ability to leverage and achieve competitive differentiation in the market. In support of this, Eisenman (2013) states that Dyson significantly uses the new and innovative technology in order to develop the better relationship with the suppliers, partners, brand equity, and innovation practices. Through this, the firm effectively enhances its innovation process and provide the growth to the innovation management practices to achieve competitive advantages. In this concern, it can be said that the knowledge and understanding of core competencies and technology are essential for Dyson in terms of identifying the internal weaknesses as well as strengths to effectively leverage the corporate assets. Through this, the firm also enables to develop the long-term relationship with the different stakeholders to provide growth to the innovation (Mobley, Li and Wang, 2012). Organisational Readiness At Dyson, organisational readiness is one of the dimensions that drive the firms growth in the market. It is found that at Dyson, the clear understanding of the organisational readiness help the firm to improve its ability to act upon the implemented innovative ideas and strategies. Through this, the firm also enables to enhance its abilities to fulfil the political, cultural, operational and financial demand during the strategies innovation process (Roos and O'Connor, 2015). But, on the other hand, Chaudoir, Dugan and Barr (2013) depict that sometimes, the organisations may unable to implement the innovation process even with the most inspired vision, innovative products and funding. It is because most of the firm heavily invested their time and money in the newly identified growth opportunities that reduce the effectiveness of their innovative products and financial funding in the industry. In oppose to this, Choudrie and Middleton (2013) state that at Dyson, the company mainly focuses on the three dimensions along with the organisational readiness such as culture, structural and operational readiness, which enable the firm to make innovation on the basis of culture and operational capabilities. Through this, Dyson effectively produces the innovative products that satisfy the needs and wants of customers in their daily life. For example, for innovating Air Multiplier, the structural readiness supported Dyson to adopt latest technology as well as flexibility. Through this, the firm was also enabled to allocate available resources to qualified staff that enhanced the firms innovation capabilities (Dyson, 2016). Disciplined Implementation In the views of Cresswell and Sheikh (2013), in the strategic innovation, the term implementation involves the wide range of activities that support the organisation to involve all the stakeholders in the innovation process, technical product development, design and prototyping, both qualitative and quantitative testing, and establish feedback for continuous improvements in innovation process. In support of this, Bucherer, Eisert and Gassmann (2012) define that in the strategic innovation framework, the disciplined implementation model has high-level elements such as implementation skill sets and mindsets, momentum, a formal project management approach, and an understanding of organisational priority. These elements support the firms to implement strategic innovation initiatives in a better way. In concern to Dyson, the firms improved capacity helps the management to effectively implement the strategic innovation ideas that provide the competitive advantages to the firm. It also enables the firm to ensure its growth in the competitive business environment (Dyson, 2016). But, in contrast to this, Kindstrom and Kowalkowski (2014) state that sometimes, the lack of effective skills and knowledge among the employees and management team members create issues in implementing strategic innovation process within the firm. It negatively affects the resources as well as strategic thinking of firm that relatively reduce the firms competitive advantage in the market. So, it can be said that the consideration of strategic innovation framework supports Dyson to generate the strategic innovation ideas and implement these ideas to produce innovative products for the customers. It also helps the firm to ensure its growth in the technology and competitive business environment. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that the seven dimensions of strategic innovation framework help Dyson to innovate new products and services to the customers and achieve competitive advantages by implementing these ideas. Different dimension provides the guidance to the firm from generating the innovation ideas to implement these ideas to achieve success. It can also be concluded that the adoption of strategic innovation framework supports the firm to involve structured approach to innovation that significantly helps the firm to create an effective organisational platform for ongoing and sustainable innovation. References Andersen, A. D. and Andersen, P. D. (2014) Innovation system foresight. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 88, pp. 276-286. Bergek, A., Berggren, C., Magnusson, T. and Hobday, M. (2013) Technological discontinuities and the challenge for incumbent firms: Destruction, disruption or creative accumulation?. Research Policy, 42(6), pp. 1210-1224. Brunswicker, S. and Vanhaverbeke, W. (2015) Open Innovation in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs): External Knowledge Sourcing Strategies and Internal Organizational Facilitators. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), pp. 1241-1263. Bucherer, E., Eisert, U. and Gassmann, O. (2012) Towards systematic business model innovation: lessons from product innovation management. Creativity and Innovation Management, 21(2), pp. 183-198. Bucolo, S., Wrigley, C. and Matthews, J. (2012) Gaps in Organizational Leadership: Linking Strategic and Operational Activities through Design Led Propositions. Design Management Journal, 7(1), pp. 18-28. Burdon, S. and Dovey, K. A. (2015) Exploring the cultural basis of innovation. Journal of Innovation Management, 3(3), pp. 20-34. Chaudoir, S. R., Dugan, A. G. and Barr, C. H. (2013) Measuring factors affecting implementation of health innovations: a systematic review of structural, organizational, provider, patient, and innovation level measures. Implement Sci, 8(1), pp. 22. Choudrie, J. and Middleton, C. (2013) Management of Broadband Technology and Innovation: Policy, Deployment, and Use. UK: Routledge. Cresswell, K. and Sheikh, A. (2013) Organizational issues in the implementation and adoption of health information technology innovations: an interpretative review. International journal of medical informatics, 82(5), pp. e73-e86. Daft, J. and Albers, S. (2013) A conceptual framework for measuring airline business model convergence. Journal of Air Transport Management, 28, pp. 47-54. Dyson (2016) About Us. [Online]. Available at https://www.dyson.co.uk/community/aboutdyson.aspx [Accessed: 12 March 2016]. Eisenman, M. (2013) Understanding aesthetic innovation in the context of technological evolution. Academy of Management Review, 38(3), pp. 332-351. Frankenberger, K., Weiblen, T., Csik, M. and Gassmann, O. (2013) The 4I-framework of business model innovation: A structured view on process phases and challenges. International Journal of Product Development, 18(3-4), pp. 249-273. George, G., McGahan, A. M. and Prabhu, J. (2012) Innovation for inclusive growth: Towards a theoretical framework and a research agenda. Journal of management studies, 49(4), pp. 661-683. Greer, C. R. and Lei, D. (2012) Collaborative innovation with customers: a review of the literature and suggestions for future research. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14(1), pp. 63-84. Keathley, J., MerrilL, P. and Owens, T. (2013) The Executive Guide to Innovation: Turning Good Ideas Into Great Results. USA: ASQ Quality Press. Keller, J., Markmann, C. and Heiko, A. (2015) Foresight support systems to facilitate regional innovations: A conceptualization case for a German logistics cluster. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 97, pp. 15-28. Kindstrm, D. and Kowalkowski, C. (2014) Service innovation in product-centric firms: A multidimensional business model perspective. Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, 29(2), pp. 96-111. Mobley, W. H., Li, M. and Wang, Y. (2012) Advances in Global Leadership. UK: Emerald Group Publishing. Roos, G. and O'Connor, A. (2015) Integrating Innovation: South Australian Entrepreneurship Systems and Strategies. Australia: University of Adelaide Press. Skarzynski, P. and Gibson, R. (2013) Innovation to the core: A blueprint for transforming the way your company innovates. UK: Harvard Business Press. Van der Duin, P., Heger, T. and Schlesinger, M. D. (2014) Toward networked foresight? Exploring the use of futures research in innovation networks. Futures, 59, pp. 62-78. Yen, H. R., Wang, W., Wei, C. P., Hsu, S. H. Y. and Chiu, H. C. (2012) Service innovation readiness: Dimensions and performance outcome. Decision Support Systems, 53(4), pp. 813-824.

Rhetorical Techniques and Sadat free essay sample

How does the order of the arguments fit the situation and audience? Style: 1. How does Sadat try to convince his audience of his sincerity? That is, how does Sadat’s impassioned and controversial opening and sincere tone contribute to engaging his hostile audience in the Israeli Knesset and encourage them to believe that he is sincere in expressing an Egyptian desire for a negotiated peace with Israel? Fashioning projecting humility Defining 2. Anwar Sadat relies on frequent reference to religion, grouping Islam, Christianity and Judaism together in his plea for peace. Analyse three religious allusions from different parts of the speech and discuss how they contribute to Sadat’s purpose. 3. How effective is his use of imagery? Find examples and comment on the effect. The wall, constantly establishes separation between them to bring them together. Recursive element of hope 4. Choose three examples of the following rhetorical devices that distinguishing Sadat’s speech and evaluate their contribution to the success of the speech. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhetorical Techniques and Sadat or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Develop your response with appropriate quotes. Bold statements, emotive language, cumulative listing of arguments, rhetorical questions. . Sadat contextualises his speech with the shared history of Egypt and Israel and the consequences of hostility and mistrust. Find at least two examples and explain how Sadat uses them to develop the inclusive nature and persuasive power of the speech. â€Å"The holy shrines of Islam and Christianity are not only places of worship, but a living testimony of our uninterrupted presence here politically, spiritually and intellectually. Let us make no mistake about the importance of and reverence we Christians and Muslims attach to Jerusalem†. . Sadat’s tone remains strong without being belligerent. He makes repeated claims for Egypt which challenge the Israeli position. Choose three examples and evaluate their contribution to Sadat’s purpose of achieving peace and justice. Bold statement . 7. Sadat uses the personal pronoun ‘I’ and the inclusive ‘we’ repeatedly in the concluding stages of his speech. How does this choice of language contribute to the escalating strength of his speech? Find two examples of each device and discuss the function of each quote. 1.

The Supreme Court Case of Gibbons v. Ogden

The Supreme Court Case of Gibbons v. Ogden The case of Gibbons v. Ogden, decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1824, was a major step in the expansion of the power of the federal government to deal with challenges to U.S. domestic policy. The decision confirmed that the Commerce Clause of the Constitution granted Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce, including the commercial use of navigable waterways.   Fast Facts: Gibbons v. Ogden Case Argued: February 5- February 9, 1824Decision Issued:  March 2, 1824Petitioner:  Thomas Gibbons (appellant)Respondent:  Aaron Ogden (appellee)Key Questions: Was it within New York State’s rights to issue laws regarding navigation within its jurisdiction, or does the Commerce Clause give Congress authority over interstate navigation?Unanimous Decision: Justices Marshall, Washington, Todd, Duvall, and Story (Justice Thompson abstained)Ruling:  As interstate navigation fell under interstate commerce, New York could not interfere with it, and the law was therefore invalid. Circumstances of Gibbons v. Ogden In 1808, the state government of New York awarded a private transport company a virtual monopoly to operate its steamboats on the state’s rivers and lakes, including rivers that ran between New York and adjoining states. This state-sanctioned steamboat company granted Aaron Ogden a license to operate steamboats between Elizabethtown Point in New Jersey and New York City. As one of Ogden’s business partners, Thomas Gibbons, operated his steamboats along the same route under a federal coasting license issued to him by an act of Congress. The Gibbons-Ogden partnership ended in dispute when Ogden claimed that Gibbons was undercutting their business by unfairly competing with him. Ogden filed a complaint in the New York Court of Errors seeking to stop Gibbons from operating his boats. Ogden argued that the license granted to him by the New York monopoly was valid and enforceable even though he operated his boats on shared, interstate waters. Gibbons disagreed arguing that the U.S. Constitution gave Congress the sole power over interstate commerce. The Court of Errors sided with Ogden. After losing his case in another New York court, Gibbons appealed the case to the Supreme Court, which ruled that the Constitution grants the federal government the overriding power to regulate how interstate commerce is conducted. Some of the Parties Involved The case of Gibbons v. Ogden was argued and decided by some of the most iconic lawyers and jurists in U.S. history. Exiled Irish patriot Thomas Addis Emmet and Thomas J. Oakley represented Ogden, while U.S. Attorney General William Wirt and Daniel Webster argued for Gibbons. The decision of the Supreme Court was written and delivered by America’s fourth Chief Justice John Marshall. â€Å". . . Rivers and bays, in many cases, form the divisions between States; and thence it was obvious, that if the States should make regulations for the navigation of these waters, and such regulations should be repugnant and hostile, embarrassment would necessarily happen to the general intercourse of the community. Such events had actually occurred, and had created the existing state of things.†Ã‚  - John Marshall - Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824 The Decision In its unanimous decision, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress alone had the power to regulate interstate and coastal trade. The decision answered two pivotal questions about the Constitution’s Commerce Clause: First, exactly what constituted â€Å"commerce?† And, what did the term â€Å"among the several states† mean? The Court held that â€Å"commerce† is the actual trade of commodities, including the commercial transportation of commodities using navigation. Also, the word â€Å"among† meant intermingled with† or cases in which one or more states had an active interest in the commerce involved. Siding with Gibbons, the decision read, in part:   If, as has always been understood, the sovereignty of Congress, though limited to specified objects, is plenary as to those objects, the power over commerce with foreign nations and among the several states is vested in Congress as absolutely as it would be in a single government, having in its constitution the same restrictions on the exercise of the power as are found in the Constitution of the United States. The Significance of Gibbons v. Ogden   Decided 35 years after the ratification of the Constitution, the case of Gibbons v. Ogden represented a significant expansion of the power of the federal government to address issues involving U.S. domestic policy and the rights of the states. The Articles of Confederation had left the national government virtually powerless to enact policies or regulations dealing with the actions of the states. In the Constitution, the framers included the Commerce Clause in the Constitution to address this problem. Though the Commerce Clause gave Congress some power over commerce, it was unclear just how much. The Gibbons decision clarified some of these issues. John Marshall’s Role In his opinion, Chief Justice John Marshall provided a clear definition of the word â€Å"commerce† and the meaning of the term, â€Å"among the several states† in the Commerce Clause. Today, Marshall’s is regarded as the most influential opinions concerning this key clause.​ ... Few things were better known, than the immediate causes which led to the adoption of the present constitution ... that the prevailing motive was to regulate commerce; to rescue it from the embarrassing and destructive consequences, resulting from the legislation of so many different States, and to place it under the protection of a uniform law.†- John Marshall- Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824 Updated by Robert Longley

Professional Development Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Professional Development Plan - Assignment Example This is something I want to continue for the rest of my life; because what benefit my profession is going to be of if it is not being done with its true essence. Of handling patients As much as I value my personal professional progress I respect the aura of my profession equally. I want to it with confidence and successfully. To serve on the managerial level has always been one of my most desired dreams. I believe I can utilize my leadership skills to the most by serving at a managerial position, it will not only be a good move for my personal professional career but I will also be beneficial for my organization. I will achieve this goal by keeping a balance between my studies and work life during my masters. By gaining more work experience along with my MSN I first want to become Manager Nursing at my facility and then eventually achieve my ultimate goal. These are some major goals which I want to achieve in the coming three years of my life confidently. Strong motivation and confidence will lead towards a successful professional development for individuals (Mackay, 2007). These may seem just three goals but my entire professional future depends on the successful achievement of these goals. And in order to achieve these goals I will have to achieve small targets almost every single day, because these small everyday goals are going to make up basis for the fulfillment of these major goals of my life (Ryan, 2012). Hansen, R.S. and Hansen, K. (2008). What Do Employers Really Want? Top Skills and Values Employers Seek from Job-Seekers. [Online]. Available at: http://www.quintcareers.com/job_skills_values.html (Accessed 26 January

Front-end and back-end processes of office automation Essay

Front-end and back-end processes of office automation - Essay Example The back-end system, on the other hand, serves as the back-up system. The main tasks include organization, administration and maintenance of the data pooled in the system from the front-end. Another indispensable task is analysis of data mainly through the creation of programs that can automatically complete the synthesis of information fundamental to the operation. Thus, the back-end system commonly involves the concluding stage of data processing ("Back-end," 2005; Goldfield, 1987). The typical system that is being utilized is that which involves a network of hardware stations. The main job of the front end of the system is to input the raw data regarding the main task of the establishment. The back-end system, on the other hand, concludes and analyzes the processes involved in the system and produced output for the business. The utilization of the system of automation that employs workflow database technology can perform important advantages in any business establishment. One of the benefits of such system is that can adopt on the basis of the scale of the institution or the business. Thus, the applicability ranges from small business to a large scale and complex operations.

Is the EUs decision-making process best characterized as federal or Essay

Is the EUs decision-making process best characterized as federal or intergovernmental - Essay Example The member states make up such organizations, which are the sovereign states. United Nations, European Union, Council of Europe, World Trade Organization, the Council of Europe and many more are examples of intergovernmental organizations. However, the European Union is a prime example of supranational organization where the governments of the member states delegate the negotiated power to the member states. It is often referred to as a federation. This paper will closely observe the works of the European Union, and whether it is best characterized as federal or intergovernmental. The founding members of the European Union held the same ideals of a peaceful, united and prosperous Europe. They belonged to diverse backgrounds. In the Second World War, bloody wars culminated between neighbors. The purpose behind the establishment of the European was primarily to end these wars. In order to secure the lasting peace, European Coal and Steel Community began to unite the European countries economically and politically. There are six main founders, including France, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Luxemburg and Netherlands. There was a cold war between the East and the West in 1950’s. In 1956, the Soviet tanks had put down the protests in Hungary against the Communist regimes. In the following year, Soviet Union had launched their first man made space satellite, Sputnik 1. This is when they took the lead in the space race. The European Economic Community or ‘Common Market’ was created due to the Treaty of Rome.... With the establishment of the common market, goods and services were to move freely within the six nations in Europe (Europea n.d. n.p) In 1962, the newly formed European Union began the common agricultural policy, which gave the nations within the union joint control over all the food produced within these nations (Matthew J 2011 n.p). In 1968, the six nations decide to remove custom duties on goods, which were imported from one another and allowed free cross border trade. Trade between the nations rapidly increased due to this. In 1973, three more nations joined the union making it a total of nine. The three newly joined nations were United Kingdom, Denmark, and Ireland. In 1974, the leaders in European Union established a European Regional Development Fund. The purpose for the funds were to transfer money from the richer region to the poorer regions help improve roads and communications, later on down the road this funding takes up one third of the unions spending. Citizens of the union were involved in the election of the union in 1979, when they were given the right to elect the members of the Parliament of the union. Previously, the members of the parliaments were delegated by the national parliaments. In 1981, Greece joined the union and the tally of nation within the union hit double figures. Spain and Portugal joined the union in 1986. The union launched the Erasmus programme in 1987 to fund for students who were interested in studying for up to 1 year in another European country. This scheme ended up benefiting more than 2 million young students (European Union Background 9 Jan 2012.n.p) The Treaty on European Union was signed in 1992, this set a rule for a future

The Importance Of Maintaining Individuality Over Communality Politics Essay

The Importance Of Maintaining Individuality Over Communality Politics Essay Maintaining your individuality is more important than being part of a group because group identities and the groups differences tend to be the basis for decisions a person might make as a citizen. Groups who focus on a specific ideology have distinctive arguments and address a particular audience. Most of the members of liberation ideologies, such as black liberation, womens liberation, gay liberation, native peoples liberation, animal liberation and liberation theology focus on ones self interest taking on too narrow a view rather than promoting the viewpoint that is for the greater good. People in these groups would make their decisions regarding who might best lead the country or what laws should be enacted or voted down based on a candidates gender, religious beliefs, race or sexual preference, and not as a citizen thinking of the best scenario for the majority. These groups make their decisions because on their groups self-interests and exclude the individual viewpoint. If these specific groups want equality, then they should think as individual citizens because in the United States, citizens are equal before the law. As stated in our text book pg. 252, our courts of justice and other institutions should be blind to race, ethnicity, and other forms of group identification. No one should be given special treatment because of his or her race or ancestry or ethnic affiliation. The self interest characteristic of special groups is also seen in the fascist and Nazism ideologies. Both of these groups are against individualism and class divisions. They were only in favor of one nation or one supreme race, in other words, one group. Hitler believed that his Nazi philosophy about the German people (the supreme group) was more important then the 6 million Jews who did nothing to him, yet he had them killed. The fascists belief of everything for the good of the nation state, a single leader and single party can be seen in the modern day Moammar Gadhafi regime in Libya. The Gadhafi regime was not beneficial to the whole nation because there were inequalities among the citizens of Libya who have now revolted and are striving for democracy and individual freedoms. I feel that democracy is built on the assumption that things are beneficial to the community as a whole, and coming to a consensus is possible, but it fails if the special group is only looking out for #1 a nd doesnt care about anything else. So if each individual would take on the liberal ideology viewpoint which is to believe that the individual is the best judge of what is in his or her interest, so each person ought to be free to live as he or she wants so long as they do not choose to interfere with others freedom to live as they want to live. The ideology of liberalism promotes individual liberty by attempting to guarantee equal opportunity to all people within a tolerant society. With the opportunity of equality, an equal footing, the discrimination based on race, religion, or gender would be removed and people would have the ability to achieve their own success, if they adopt a liberal viewpoint. So why then would it be necessary to join a group to achieve the same opportunities as you could have maintaining your individuality? 3. Fascism is a political ideology which exalts a nation above the individual and is headed by a single leader of a centralized government which thru regimented force suppresses any opposition and controls the state economy and social conditions. Fascism is a good form of government because the nation is more powerful and sustainable through generations who are bound together by their common traditions and their commitment to build a better life. Fascism which is founded on the citizens duty and an individuals self sacrifice possibly even death is able to achieve the true value of a man as a member of his family, social group and nation, because the individual has no significance outside of their nation. Fascism enforces discipline and uses authority to mold mens characters and faith. Fascism affirms traditional values such as family values, religious faith, patriotism, social structure, honor, and traditional hard work. Fascism is an ideology of order and obedience where people fall in line with the single leadership, and do not question or criticize the State which makes sure the country runs smoothly, through the use of state spending and regulation of corporations. A fascist government institutes public works programs to build bridges, canals and roads, hospitals and schools all for the good of the nation state. A fascist government is organized on the theory that government should be run by representatives of the various centers of power in the state, such as Mussolinis policy of corporativism. What fascism is all about in an economic sense is the protection and regulation of capitalism through private ownership as the means of production for the nation. Fascism uses the power of the nation to protect and to stabilize the economy by bringing the major capitalists into a system of cooperation with each other so that economic conflict is reduced and through their cooperation stability is achieved. An example would be for a ruling council to be developed and include industrial leaders, union representatives, religious leaders, and military personnel. Having these leaders of power incorporated into the government, achieves a rapid consensus on matters more rapidly when a country needs to organize for a war or disaster relief. The nation can also become self-sufficient if the government has control over production and their profits. Fascism controls companies from manufacturing their products in foreign countries for a lower cost and then selling that product in their own country for a higher price and making a profit. Also keeping manufacturing jobs at home will provide employment to the nations people, reducing welfare and creating a strong economy. Under fascism, ownership of businesses is left in private hands, but the government regulates all businesses confiscating much of their profits and using them as the government decides, such as new roads, hospitals and schools, all for the good of the nation-state. The fascist system will also subsidize and regulate agriculture in order to achieve national self sufficiency. Another advantage of a fascist government is in the fight against terrorism. The nation controls the military under one leader and when needed, it is easy to have the leader decide that the military will control and operate everything and everyone that enters the country. Also crime in the nation can be greatly reduced, because the military can be used to patrol the streets and enforce obedience. True freedom for fascists is in serving the state and doing ones part to promote the states power and glory. One way of doing this is to create self sufficiency of the nation thru a strong military. To create a strong military, the nation promotes science, mathematics, and engineering in schools in order to develop better scientists who will be employed to build better weapons for the military. These corporations are given funding from the State. Consequently, the State will produce the most advanced technologies in the world, having the most advanced weapons and acting as a boom to the economy by providing a large number of jobs, making people happy and bolstering the support for their leader. Because the State plays an important role in the economy, the State protects and promotes industries which are vital to State interests. Also because a fascist government controls the economy, unemployment is reduced and social welfare programs can be instituted such as social health insurance . So to create a great Fascist state, it is simple; believe, obey and fight, against the enemies of the nation and this will bring glory to ones people as a leading power in the world. 5. As a conservative, I feel our rights come from God and not the government. So consequently, government should be limited as to what it does to solve a nations problems and the real emphasis should be placed on the individual to solve the problems through traditional American values, personal responsibility, individual liberty and free markets. So with that premise in place, I would like to explore some of the following issues from a conservative ideological perspective vs. a liberal ideological perspective. Liberals believe a woman has the right to decide what happens to her own body, including aborting a pregnancy. Liberals also believe that the government has the duty to protect human rights. I, as a conservative, believe human life begins at conception and that abortion is murder of a human being. An unborn baby is a living human being and has separate rights from those of their mother, thus the government should not use taxpayer dollars to fund abortions, as desired by liberals because that would not be protecting the human rights of the unborn, very hypocritical of liberals. Along those same lines, liberals want to legalize euthanasia. Neither abortion nor euthanasia should be legalized as it is immoral and unethical to deliberately end the life of a terminally ill person or an unborn human being. Taking an innocent life or that of a dying individual is murder, a capital offense in the United States, is punishable by death. Dont the liberals get it? Where is the moral code that is necessary to sustain a free society? If, liberals can justify using lethal force ending an innocent unborn life or a helpless elderly citizen. This does not seem to coincide with true Liberalism. Liberals support blanket amnesty for those who enter the United States illegally and want the undocumented immigrants to have the right to educational and health benefits that citizens receive. As a conservative, I dont want to stop people who immigrate to our country for a better life and benefits, because life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness are God-given rights for every individual however, they should do so legally, otherwise they are placing an huge economic hardship on the United States by receiving benefits that legal citizens receive such as financial aid, welfare, and Medicaid because they are not of legal status. It is unfair to provide these services to illegal undocumented immigrants and make the true citizens support them through unfair taxation for these governmental programs. The United States borders should be secured and the immigration laws should be enforced for our countrys protection, security and economic survival. Liberals, in the best interest to citizens, want the government to regulate the economy as a protection against big business. However, having competition and a free market system creates the largest opportunity for a higher standard of living for everyone. When governments encourage individual efforts for entrepreneurial success and not oppose personal wealth, there is more economic growth, more jobs and a higher standard of living for all citizens then when government tries to regulate the economic system. Putting numerous controls in place to artificially direct the economy can create serious problems. Along these same lines, liberals think because people are getting wealthier, they should be taxed more to enable the government to help and care for the poor and needy using tax dollars from the rich to create jobs and welfare programs. However, the traditional American value of hard work allows the economy to grow and prosper, leaving the money in the hands of the people and by lowe ring taxes and a smaller government allows Americans to save more, invest and spend their money to help those that they want to aid and not at the direction of the government. Government programs to the needy should be opportunities to make them become self-reliant encouraging work and independence rather then encourage laziness and continued dependence on government funding. Liberals dont see terrorism as a great threat to the United States and feel the best way to deal with terrorism is good diplomacy and that using military force against terrorists only causes hatred and more terrorism. However, as can be seen by the radical Islamism ideology being anti-liberal and anti-individual and rejecting individual rights and rights against the larger society as in the U.S. Bill of Rights, as stated in our text book, pg. 291, seems to be a very strong division between the militant Islamists goal of establishing Islamic states that govern according to Islamic law and the destruction of Israel and an existing peaceful Western world. It seems that to ensure individual liberties, a strong military force to provide security for society and intelligence-gathering methods are the best way to defeat terrorism in the United States and around the world. I dont believe you can bargain with tyrants or terrorists. The conservative ideological perspective is best because it stands up for what is right, and exhibits the principles that have made America great such as the love of God, love of family, the work ethic, patriotism, and individual freedom. 6. According to Thomas Hobbes in his major work the Leviathan, the state of nature is a condition of perfect freedom in which no one had any authority over them and all individuals are equal-no one is born to hold a higher rank or status than anyone else -and have a natural right to do as they wish as per our text book on pg. 52. If this was how mankind existed before government, I believe life in this state of nature would be every man for himself and against each other, the survival of the fittest. Man would live but not the life as we know it; it would be very animalistic and primeval. Man would resolve disputes through violence and war would run rampart around the world. Disease would be prevalent, and technology would be non existent. Man is competitive and contentious, so he would be an enemy to every other man, there would be no industry, no culture, no knowledge, and no society and man would live in continual fear and danger of constant death. Because of the violence and uncertainty of life in the state of nature it would motivate people to form tribal leaders or governments. People would realize the need for peace and stability consequently they would seek a ruler or leader to govern them and in return the governing body would provide the peace and stability the people wanted as long as the laws of the government were abided, the people would then be free to pursue happiness without fear. Government is needed to provide stability and order, and protect the rights and liberties of the people. The purpose of government is to provide enough protection of life, liberty and property that individuals could enjoy these rights. Government creates order out of chaos, and punishes bad behavior but encourages moral behavior and tradition. Also governments provide needs for the community when these needs cannot be met by individuals. A government can play a major role in economic security by managing and regulating a countrys economy and stabilizing it for the benefit of its citizens. A government defines laws which establish equality and justice in a society. The government of a nation can provide basic health and education services for its citizens. Thus, government is like an umbrella that shields the citizens of a nation, while binding them together and helping them live in harmony. Governments are established with intent to increase the peoples potential for survival.

Reproductive Technology and Sexual Destiny :: Reproduction Homosexuality Essays

Reproductive Technology and Sexual Destiny Homosexuality remains a controversial issue in our society, especially regarding gays’ rights that are generally readily granted to heterosexuals, where the currently hotly debated topic is legitimating the relationship with the sanction of marriage. Yet, numerous measures have been taken to eliminate homosexual behavior through hormonal, biochemical, and anatomical interventions. Regardless of the fact that such reproductive controls are not yet available in order to genetically engineer the sexual orientation of your children, Timothy Murphy presents a discourse on the possibility of determining your child’s sexual destiny. It puts forward the question, â€Å"Would it be morally permissible for parents to genetically engineer their child’s sexual orientation?† Murphy maintains the moral stance that there are important freedoms that need to be preserved regarding reproductive control and since we cannot definitely predict adverse effects on the interests of existing and future generations, he concludes that while these techniques should be morally resisted, the use of heterosexist interventions should not be criminalized. (343) This article came at the heels of the 1980’s, a time during which the Center of Disease Control noticed an alarming rate of a rare cancer, Kaposi's Sarcoma, which they at first called â€Å"gay cancer† but soon renamed GRID (Gay Related Immune Deficiency) among otherwise healthy gay men since 1981. In fact, the term AIDS did not come into use until 1982. Because the disease was first identified among gay men, AIDS was popularly considered a gay disease through the 1980’s, although despite this misconception, also affected heterosexuals and children. Nonetheless, since it was still considered a gay disease, there was a certain stigma attached to having it as many claimed that AIDS to be â€Å"God’s punishment on homosexuals.† By the time Murphy’s article was published in 1990, there were 198,466 AIDS cases diagnosed in the U.S. while 121,255 people died.(1) Before presenting his arguments, Murphy provides a context of his discussion regarding the attitudes of gays and lesbians toward their sexuality. He cites the Bell & Weinberg studies that were published in 1978, which he refers to as the most comprehensive study conducted on the lives of gay men and lesbians in any nation. These statistics are dated about 30 years and therefore these attitudes may have changed. In addition, the statistics provided are skewed since each group is not fairly represented in the study since it only used 575 white homosexual males, 111 black homosexual males, 229 homosexual females, and only 64 black homosexual females. Reproductive Technology and Sexual Destiny :: Reproduction Homosexuality Essays Reproductive Technology and Sexual Destiny Homosexuality remains a controversial issue in our society, especially regarding gays’ rights that are generally readily granted to heterosexuals, where the currently hotly debated topic is legitimating the relationship with the sanction of marriage. Yet, numerous measures have been taken to eliminate homosexual behavior through hormonal, biochemical, and anatomical interventions. Regardless of the fact that such reproductive controls are not yet available in order to genetically engineer the sexual orientation of your children, Timothy Murphy presents a discourse on the possibility of determining your child’s sexual destiny. It puts forward the question, â€Å"Would it be morally permissible for parents to genetically engineer their child’s sexual orientation?† Murphy maintains the moral stance that there are important freedoms that need to be preserved regarding reproductive control and since we cannot definitely predict adverse effects on the interests of existing and future generations, he concludes that while these techniques should be morally resisted, the use of heterosexist interventions should not be criminalized. (343) This article came at the heels of the 1980’s, a time during which the Center of Disease Control noticed an alarming rate of a rare cancer, Kaposi's Sarcoma, which they at first called â€Å"gay cancer† but soon renamed GRID (Gay Related Immune Deficiency) among otherwise healthy gay men since 1981. In fact, the term AIDS did not come into use until 1982. Because the disease was first identified among gay men, AIDS was popularly considered a gay disease through the 1980’s, although despite this misconception, also affected heterosexuals and children. Nonetheless, since it was still considered a gay disease, there was a certain stigma attached to having it as many claimed that AIDS to be â€Å"God’s punishment on homosexuals.† By the time Murphy’s article was published in 1990, there were 198,466 AIDS cases diagnosed in the U.S. while 121,255 people died.(1) Before presenting his arguments, Murphy provides a context of his discussion regarding the attitudes of gays and lesbians toward their sexuality. He cites the Bell & Weinberg studies that were published in 1978, which he refers to as the most comprehensive study conducted on the lives of gay men and lesbians in any nation. These statistics are dated about 30 years and therefore these attitudes may have changed. In addition, the statistics provided are skewed since each group is not fairly represented in the study since it only used 575 white homosexual males, 111 black homosexual males, 229 homosexual females, and only 64 black homosexual females.